الأمن الطاقوي بالجزائر: ضرورة اللجوء إلى الطاقات المتجددة وغير التقليدية

كما ألح الرئيس المدير العام الأسبق لسوناطراك (1979-2000) والذي يشغل حاليا منصب مسؤول مكتب الدراسات والاستشارات في مجالات الطاقة والمياه والبيئة، في محاضرته حول "الأمن والانتقال الطاقوي في الجزائر، تحديات في آفاق 2030" عند افتتاح الأسبوع ال 5 للطالب من تنظيم المعهد الدولي للمناجمنت (انسيم) على الضرورة الملحة للجزائر لتحقيق الانتقال الطاقوي حتى تتمكن من مواجهة التحديات التي ستعرفها البلاد في آفاق 2030.
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إقرأ أيضا: نهدف الى تغطية حاجيات المدارس الابتدائية بالطاقات المتجددة خلال السنوات الثلاث المقبلة
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وأما عن "عوامل نجاح" هذا الانتقال فتكمن في وضع سياسة جديدة للحفاظ على الموارد النفطية، وكذا إعداد برنامج اقتصادي للطاقة المستهلكة إلى جانب اللجوء المكثف إلى الطاقات المتجددة، أضاف السيد عطار الذي أكد على ضرورة "ديمومة توفر الطاقة وليس الريع المالي الذي لابد أن يتأتى في المستقبل شيئا فشيئا من الثروات الأخرى".
وحسب السيد عطار فإنه انطلاقا من سنة 2030 ومع "نفاد" الاحتياطات النفطية غير المتجددة والتصاعد المستمر للاستهلاك الطاقوي للبلاد، فإن "كل الإنتاج الجزائري للطاقة غير التقليدية سيوجه للاستجابة للطلب الوطني ولن يكون هناك برميلا واحدا للتصدير"، مبرزا أن المعادلة اكتشاف-استهلاك للبترول تفضي إلى برميل واحد مكتشف مقابل 3 براميل مستهلكة سنويا.
وأمام هذا الوضع، لن يكون للجزائر خيار آخر غير مباشرة إنتاج المحروقات من الغاز الصخري، كما يؤكد الخبير، مشيرا إلى أن مقدور هذه الطاقة غير التقليدية، وحسب تقييمه الذاتي القائم على معرفته بثروات الجزائر الباطنية، يقدر ب6 مليار برميل من البترول و22 ألف مليار متر مكعب من الغاز الطبيعي.
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إقرأ أيضا: كهرباء: إطلاق أول مناقصة لإنتاج 150 ميغاواط من الطاقات المتجددة موجهة للمستثمرين المحليين قبل نهاية 2018
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وبالنسبة للتكلفة الهامة لاستغلال محروقات الغاز الصخري، فقد أكد المحاضر على ضرورة انجاز 250 إلى 500 بئر من أجل مباشرة النشاط وبلوغ عدد 2000 بئر بحلول آفاق 2030 من أجل أن يدر هذا النشاط بالمداخيل.
أما بخصوص الأثر البيئي والآبار الألبينية لهذا النشاط الذي يستخدم تقنية التصديع الهيدروليكي، أكد السيد عطار ان مواضع استخراج المحروقات الصخرية تقع على عمق 1500 متر و3000 متر أو أكثر.
وعلاوة على استغلال الغاز والبترول الصخري الذي صار ضرورة على الجزائر، أكد السيد عطار على أهمية التعجيل بوضع برنامج الطاقة المتجددة، لاسيما الطاقة الشمسية التي من المتوقع أن تنتج 22 ألف ميغاوات بحلول آفاق 2025، حتى وان، يتأسف الخبير، كان سيكون من الصعب بلوغ هذا الهدف بسبب التأخر في وضع هذا البرنامج".